|
Social programs in the United States are welfare subsidies designed to aid the needs of the U.S.A. population. Proposals for federal programs began with Theodore Roosevelt's New Nationalism and expanded with Woodrow Wilson's New Freedom, Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal, John F. Kennedy's New Frontier, and Lyndon B. Johnson's Great Society. The programs vary in eligibility requirements and are provided by various organizations on a federal, state, local and private level. They help to provide food, shelter, education, healthcare and money to U.S. citizens through primary and secondary education, subsidies of college education, unemployment disability insurance, subsidies for eligible low-wage workers, subsidies for housing, Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program benefits, pensions for eligible persons and health insurance programs that cover public employees. The Social Security system is the largest and most prominent social aid program.〔〔Feldstein, M. (2005). Rethinking social insurance. ''American Economic Review'', 95(1), pp. 1–24.〕 Medicare is another prominent program. Not including Social Security and Medicare, Congress allocated almost $717 billion in federal funds in 2010 plus $210 billion was allocated in state funds ($927 billion total) for means tested welfare programs in the United States—later (after 2010) expenditures are unknown but likely higher. Some of these programs include funding for public schools, job training, SSI benefits and medicaid.〔Means tested programs () accessed 19 Nov 2013〕 As of 2011, the public social spending-to-GDP ratio in the United States was below the OECD average.〔(Social spending after the crisis ). OECD. (Social spending in a historical perspective, Pg. 5). Retrieved: 26 December 2012.〕 Roughly half of this welfare assistance, or $462 billion went to families with children, most of which are headed by single parents. Total Social Security and Medicare expenditures in 2013 were $1.3 trillion, 8.4% of the $16.3 trillion GNP (2013) and 37% of the total Federal expenditure budget of $3.684 trillion.〔2013 Status Of The Social Security And Medicare Programs () accessed 16 Oct 2013〕〔White house Historical tables. Table 1 () accessed 16 Oct 2013〕 In addition to government expenditures in the United States is thought to be about 10% of the U.S. GDP or another $1.6 trillion.〔OECD database on social expenditures () accessed 9 Dec 2013〕 ==Analysis== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Social programs in the United States」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|